- Visibility 90 Views
- Downloads 32 Downloads
UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Determination of Azathioprine in Pharmaceutical Formulations Based on Oxidative coupling reaction with MBTH
- Author Details:
-
B. Ramachandra
-
N. Venkatasubba Naidu
A simple, sensitive, selective precise and accurate spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination azathioprine in pure form, pharmaceutical formulations and blood sample by MBTH reagent. Spectrophotometric method was developed for determination of azathioprine at PH_4.0 which is extractable at 620 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 10-60 µg ml-1 for formulations and 4-24 µg ml-1 for blood sample. %R.S.D was found to be 0.1933% & 0.2901 and Recovery 99.65% & 99.16% respectively. The result obtained in this method would have a great value when applied in quality control studies in laboratories. Any ingredients and excipients were not observed during the study. The developed method was validated with respect to accuracy, precision, and Specificity and Selectivity.
Keywords: UV-Visible Spectrophotometry, Azathioprine, Blood Sample & MBTH / FeCl3.
References
- B. Elion, G. and G. H. Hitchings, A. G., Johns, D. G., Eds.; Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology; Sartorelli, Springer Verlag: Berlin,38: 404-425;1975.
- A.Gorski, A. Korszak-Kowalska, A. Nowaczyk, G. Paczek, L. Gaciong.
- Immunopharmacology 6, 259-266;1983.
- Jianbo W, Pan Z, Suqin H. Direct determination of Azathioprine inhuman fluids and pharmaceutical formulation using flow injection chemiluminescence analysis. J Chin Chem. Soc, 58:6:1-7;2011.
- Spectrometric determination and validation of Azathioprine in API and pharmaceutical dosage form. J Optoele Biomed Mate ,2:213-6;2010.
- Prakash M. Davadra, Vivek V. Mepal, Mukul R. Jain, Chhelshanker G. Joshiband Atul H.Bapodra A validated UPLC method for the determination of process-related impurities in azathioprine bulk drug Anal. Methods, 2011, 3, 198– 204; 199.
- US Pharmacopoeia, USP, 30: 1471–1472;2007.
- Boulieu R, Lenoir A, Mornex JF, Bertocchi M. Intracellular thiopu-rine nucleotides and azathioprine myelotoxicity in organ transplant patients. Br J ClinPharmacol 43:116 – 18;1997
- Vogt M, Stet E, De Abreu R, Bokkering J, Lambooy L, Trijbels J.The importance of methylthio-IMP for methylmercaptopurineribonucleoside (Me-MPr) cytotoxicity in Molt F4 human malignant Tlymphoblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta ,1181:189 –94;1993.
- AnsteyAV, Wakelin S, Reynolds NJ; British Association of Dermatologists Therapy, Guidelines and Audit Subcommittee.Guidelines for prescribing azathioprine in dermatology. Br J Dermatol 151:1123-32;2004.
- Demirtas-Ertan G, Rowshani AT, ten Berge IJ. Azathioprine- induced shock in a patient suffering from undifferentiated erosive oligoarthritis. Neth J Med, 64:124-6;2006.
- Binscheck.T., Meyer H, Wellhoner, HH. HPLC assay for the measurement of Azathioprine in human serum sample. J.Chromatogr B Biomed Appl.26:675:2:287-94;1996.
- Jain PS, Thakre PD, Chaudhari PJ, Chavan ML and Surana SJ, Determination of Azathioprine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form by HPTLC.Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.,4:4:318-321;2012.
- Smita S, Mukesh S, Spectrophotometric and atomic absorption spectrometric Determination and validation of azathioprine in API and pharmaceutical dosage form. Journal of Optoele Biomed. Mate,2:4:213 – 216;2010.
- Hofmann, U., Heinkele, G., Angelberger, S., Schaeffeler, E., Lichtenberger, C., Jaeger, S., Simultaneous quantification of eleven thiopurine nucleotides by liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical Chemistry, 84:3: 1294-1301; 2012.
- El-Yazigi, A., Wahab, F.A. Expedient liquid chromato- graphic analysis of azathioprine in plasma by use of silica solid phase extraction. Therepeutic Drug Monitoring,14:4:312-316;1992.
- Albertioni, F., Pettersson, B., Ohlman, S., Peterson, CAnalysis of Azathioprine and 6-Mercaptopurine in Plasma in Renal Transplant Recipients after Administration with Oral Azathioprine. Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies, 18: 20: 3991-4005;1995.
- Maddocks, J.L. Assay of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and a novel thiopurine metabolite in human plasma. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 8:3:273–278;1979.
- Chatwal GR, Anand SKJ. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai,2.108-
- 109;2003.
- Harris,D.C “Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6 th ed” ; 258- 261, 407,422, first figure @pp. 453,461-476,707-709;2003.
How to Cite This Article
Vancouver
Ramachandra B, Naidu NV. UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Determination of Azathioprine in Pharmaceutical Formulations Based on Oxidative coupling reaction with MBTH [Internet]. Int J Pharm Chem Anal. 2017 [cited 2025 Oct 21];4(4):117-122. Available from: https://doi.org/
APA
Ramachandra, B., Naidu, N. V. (2017). UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Determination of Azathioprine in Pharmaceutical Formulations Based on Oxidative coupling reaction with MBTH. Int J Pharm Chem Anal, 4(4), 117-122. https://doi.org/
MLA
Ramachandra, B., Naidu, N. Venkatasubba. "UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Determination of Azathioprine in Pharmaceutical Formulations Based on Oxidative coupling reaction with MBTH." Int J Pharm Chem Anal, vol. 4, no. 4, 2017, pp. 117-122. https://doi.org/
Chicago
Ramachandra, B., Naidu, N. V.. "UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Determination of Azathioprine in Pharmaceutical Formulations Based on Oxidative coupling reaction with MBTH." Int J Pharm Chem Anal 4, no. 4 (2017): 117-122. https://doi.org/